The struggle for control over transboundary water regimes has never stopped as water still continues to be an important geopolitical factor influencing the whole regions in the world. Currently this issue is becoming more complex in relations between Astana and Moscow, on the one hand, and Beijing, on the other hand. Matters did not come to sabotage yet; however, growing exploitation of transboundary rivers by China has already infringed upon environmental and economic interests of Russian and Kazakhstan.